En la siguiente guía veremos cómo crear un catálogo de manera automática con la función REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE, para poder utilizarla deberemos tener creada la estructura en el diccionario de datos (SE11).
Parámetros de entrada
I_PROGRAM_NAME: Nombre del report desde el que se ejecuta la función, SY-REPID lo traerá automáticamente.
I_INTERNAL_TABNAME: Nombre de la tabla interna con los datos que se mostrarán en el ALV
I_STRUCTURE_NAME: Nombre de la estructura con las columnas que se mostrarán en el ALV, debe existir en el diccionario de datos.
Parámetros de salida
CT_FIELDCAT: Catálogo del ALV creado con la información que le pasamos a la función
En la siguiente guía veremos cómo operar con cadenas de caracteres (Entendemos por cadena de caracteres los siguientes tipos d, n, c, t y string)
Reemplazar
Para reemplazar un carácter o cadena de caracteres utilizaremos REPLACE.
Buscará el string1 (tardes) con el string2 (noches) en el string 3(Buenas tardes) y el resultado será Buenas noches.
DATA: string1 TYPE string VALUE 'tardes',
string2 TYPE string VALUE 'noches',
string3 TYPE string VALUE 'Buenas tardes'.
REPLACE string1 WITH string2 INTO string3.
Pasar a Mayúsculas/Minúsculas
Para pasar de mayúsculas a minúsculas o viceversa, utilizaremos TRANSALTE, indicando TO UPPER CASE para pasar a mayúsculas o TO LOWER CASE para pasar a minúsculas.
TRANSLATE string1 TO UPPER CASE.
TRANSLATE string1 TO LOWER CASE.
Si necesitamos leer datos desde un programa, que no es el programa en el que estamos en este momento podemos hacerlo con Field Symbols de la siguiente forma.
Pasos
Declarar Field Symbol de tipo ANY si es una variable o del tipo ANY TABLE si es una tabla interna.
Indicar el programa desde donde queremos leer la variable entre paréntesis y a continuación el nombre de la variable entre comillas simples utilizando ASSIGN
Código
En nuestro caso vamos a leer del programa SAPLMBWL la tabla interna XMSEG[ ] y asignaremos el contenido de la misma al Field Symbol <fs_xmseg>
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <fs_xmseg> TYPE ANY TABLE.
ASSIGN ('(SAPLMBWL)XMSEG[]') TO <fs_xmseg>.
Para averiguar la cantidad de registros de una tabla interna utilizaremos DESCRIBE TABLE de la siguiente forma.
DESCRIBE TABLE
Declararemos una variable de tipo numérica donde se almacenará el número de líneas de la tabla, en nuestro caso LV_LINES
En DESCRIBLE TABLE indicaremos la tabla interna de la que queremos conocer el número de líneas e indicaremos la variable donde almacenar el número de líneas
Código
DATA: lv_lines TYPE i.
DESCRIBE TABLE li_tabla LINES lv_lines.
IF lv_lines > 0.
ENDIF.
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